영어근육 만드는 365 프로젝트

▷ If I offer you a bottle of red wine, and I say one of them cost $75 and one of them cost $20, if you know a lot about wine, you may look at the labels, you may taste them, and if you're really good, you may be able to tell me this $25 bottle of wine is really the better wine. Most people don't have that ability. They're going to give me the $75. That creates this perverse setting in which if I raise the price, instead of the quantity demand falling, I can actually see the quantity go up. They're called Veblen goods, in which the price itself is interpreted by people as a signal. 
▶ Abram - Other famous Veblen goods include Birkin bags, Cristal champagne and lawyers.
▷ I do think that there is an aspirational quality to diamonds, where the price, the fact that it is expensive, adds desire. Because it's a sense of arriving, it's a sense of aspiration. 
▶ And it means that people will pay top dollar for them, even if an option exists that's structurally identical. The structure of a diamond is simple. All carbon atoms, each one forming four bonds with its neighbors. In graphite, also all carbon, atoms form three bonds. And that tiny difference is why graphite is soft enough to be a pencil, and why diamonds are so hard, they can only be cut by another diamond. 
▶ We actually first figured out how to make diamods in a lab back in th 1950s. 
▷ I twiddled around a little bit and saw the sparkles. My knee weakened. I had to sit down.
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Veblen goods : 베블런재 (가격 상승과 함께 수요가 증가하는 상품)
Veblen effect : 가격이 오르고 있음에도 불구하고 특정 계층의 허영심 또는 과시욕으로 인해 수요가 줄어들지 않고 오히려 증가하는 현상
graphite[ˈɡræfaɪt] : 흑연
twiddle : (영)(손가락으로) 빙빙 돌리다[배배 꼬다](흔히 초조하거나 따분해서 하는 행동을 나타냄)

▶ That's scientist Tracy Hall in an interview with the BBC describing the moment he and his team became the first to consistently and publicly create a diamond in 1954.
▷ And at that instant, I knew that man had finally turned graphite into diamond. 
▶ And today, we can pump gem-quality stones out of machines. 
▷ There are two completely separate ways to grow a diamond. High-pressure, high-temperature diamond grow this recreating the conditions in nature with which carbon crystallizes into diamond. Chemical vapor deposition is a methodology to grow diamonds where hydrocarbon gases are injected into a growth chamber, and microwave plasma energy is used to break apart the bonds of that hydrocarbon, allowing free carbon atoms to rain down on a plate of diamond, and atom by atom, grow that diamond vertically, resulting in extraordinarily high-purity, high-quality diamonds.
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Chemical Vapor Deposition : (기계공학) CVD법
methodology : 방법론
hydrocarbon : 탄화수소
microwave plasma : 마이크로파 플라즈마
break apart : 쪼개다
free carbon atom : 유리탄소 원자

▷ A diamond is a diamond, regardless of whether it's made in a lab or whether it comes from the earth. 
▶ Take a guess. Which of these is lab-grown? You definitely couldn't tell.
▷ It takes very specialized laboratory equipment to detect the minute differences between the two products.
▶ And as lab-grown diamonds have gotten better, they've also gotten cheaper, which brings us to number seven in the playbook--if you can't beat them, join them. In 2016, De Beers and its peers in the natural-diamond industries slapped back against lab-grown diamonds with an ad campaign called "Real Is Rare." Bat then in 2018, De Beers actually launched their own lab-grown diamond line at the lowest prices on the market. They claim that's how much they're worth since they're mass-produced. But some say this is a strategy to make lab-grown diamonds seem worse. 
▷ The efforts of De Beers to price light-box diamonds at such a low price point are a very clear effort to denigrate the product. Laboratory-grown diamonds are superior to dirt diamonds or mined diamonds that have come out of the earth.
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minute[maɪ|njut] differences : 사소한 차이
slap back against : 반격하다
take a guess : 추측을 해보다